Metallized pavement



Feb. 28,1928. 1,660,769

H. H. SMITH HETALLIZED PAVEMENT Filed May l5. 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet l 'mM/MM Feb. 28, 1928.

H. H. SMITH us'rALLIzsn Pavsssur FiledMay l5. 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Afro/MIE .s

Feb. 28, 1928. 1,660,769

H. H. SMITH l METALLI zED mvsusm' Filed May 15. 1926 5 sheets-Sheet 3 I W28 d v IIYIYIHIYIYIYIXE ltioned inwardly of the'surface of the unit so that wear thereupon will not disturb4 thev Patented Feb. 28, 1928.

TES', PATENT OFFICE.

naman i1. sm'rrr, or BROOKLYN, NEW Yoan.

METALLIZED PAVEMENT.

applicati@ atea may 15, 1926. seal unimaas.

This invention', relates to improvementsin metallized` pavementsA and is particularly applicable to walkway surfaces such as steps, sidewalks, and other surfaces used by pedes- 6 trians.

It is one of the primary objects ofthe invention to provide a composite 'unit formed of a plurality of surface bars rigidly secured together and to a base plate or plates, the character of the bars and plates used permitting them to be'rolled', ldrawn or molded.

VIt is a further' object to so -shape and space the bars as to permit portions of pavement material to be positioned between and irmly secured in position by the bars and withthe pavement material exposed adjacent 'the exposed portions of the bars.

It is a still further object to secure the elements of the unit together by means posisecuring means.

These and other objects will appear more fully from the following description when with the drawings considered in connection in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a portion of a stairway showing one form of my invention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional View the of on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of.

the bars and clamps shown in Fig. 2.

Fig.'5 is a perspective view of a portion of a skeleton metal unit showing a different adaptation of my invention.

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are similar perspective views showing slightly modified forms' or adaptations of the invention.

Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional view of the unit shown in Fig. 7 withfa specially pre-l pared pavement killer between the tread bars.

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9 with thc addition of anchoring pins for a purpose to be hereinafter ieferred to. Fig. 11 is a transverse sectional vi of the metal unit shown in Fig. 8".

. Fig. 12 is a transverse sectional view of a 50 portion of a unit disclosing one method of securing the same to a wooden or steel frame structure.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view, parts thereof being brokenaway, showing one filled metal unit ready for installation. v

Fig. 14 is a transverse sectional view of a section. of a stairway showing the unit, of Fig. 13 in position? Fig. 15 is a perspective view of a slightly 60 modified form of the anchor cross-piece i which maybe substituted for that shown in Figs. 1 to 3.

l Fig. 16 is an end elevational view of a metallic unit showing ,tion for the tread bars.

Fig. 17 shows a slight modification of the anchor plate shown in Figs. 1 to 3.

In the improved metal walkway surfaces herein disclosed there are many adaptations .m

which they invention may assume. One of the main advantages of the invention is that metallized' tread surfaces may be supplied for practically any desired use Without ma-r terially. varying the characteristicsv of. the

. wear and which, after it is once installe will ordinarily require no further attention. Since the metal portion of the pavement is made up of a number of separate units perinitting the exposure of the pavement material between the same, it is contemplated to expose the main pavement material therethrough or to supply a special plastic filler which will become monolithic with the main 99 pavement material, or to use a pre-formed tller constructed of any desirable material such as tile preferably having a 'high ooelicient of friction.

The invention herein disclosed constitutes g5 an improvement on my prior Patent No'.

1,560,354, dated Nov. 3, 1925, and my application Serial No.99,454, filed April 3,1926,

a modified conligura- 65 reference being had to said patent and application showlng additional advantages and applications of my invention.

Referring'to the details of the drawings and in'particularrto Figs. 1 to 4 wherein the first kform of my'invention is disclosed, the pavement material forming the main body of the stairway is of a usual construction the metal `unit for securely anchoring the unit therein and reinforcing the pavement material while exposing2 the latter adjacent the surface of the unit.

The metallic unit` shown in thesefigures includes the tread bars28 extendinglongitudinally of the stair tread and secured 'to the anchor cross-pieces 30 by means of the clamps 32 and lugs 34. The lugs 34 may be Jomitted in this form of the invention permitting the filler, hereinafter referred to,

`to extend to and into the pavement material y formed slightly 20 if desired. The bars 28 according to the preferred form offmy invention are formed with surface grooves 35 and with upper side projections 36 'ar/ 1 lower side projections 37 forming the 'concavef sides 38 as shown. The clamps 32 are received between successive bars28 engaging the lower projections 37 thereof forpreventing transverse or upward movement of the bars, the clamps beingv apertured for receiving bolts or other securing elements-33 passing'r therethrough and into the anchor cross-piece 30. The lugs 34 for holding the ends of the bars in position are shown in detail in Fig. 12 and include upper and lower inclined surfaces for engagement with the upper and lower lprojections 36 and 37 of the bars. The lugs are secured to the cross-bars by means of screws or bolts 40, the head" of said bolt or screw passing throughA thecylindrical opening 41 in the lug so that wear upon the surface of the unit will vnot wear away the head of the securing element.

The anchor cross-piece 32 is formed with openings 42 permitting the pavement material to pass therethrough for anchoring the unit therein. The cross-piece is preferably wedge-shaped as indicated for example 1n Fig. 3 and includes the wedge-shaped 'point 33 facilitating the introduction of the cross-piece into the pavement material and constituting an enlarged head for preventing withdrawal of the cross-piece from the pavement material.

One of the' surface bars herein termed the nosebar 28a which forms the forward ed e of the stair tread includes an enlarge -as wooden or steel frames.

rounded extension 29 protecting the forwardedge ofthe unit and stair tread. The for- I ward edge of the bar 28 may be secured in position by one of the clamps 32, although it is preferred to employ the face-plate 46 having the upper and lower extensions 47 and 48engaged against the no'sebar 28a and anchor cross-piece respectively. The Afaceplate 46 may 'be secured to the anchor bar by means of the bolt 49 as shown in Fig. 2, the bolt passing through the upper and lower flanges and vertically through the anchorl cross-piece. The unit shown in Figs. l to 4 being of the open or skeleton type, permits the pavement material to be positioned around and between the bars 28 and to be exposed adjacent the upper surface "of said bars. The portion 50 of the pavement material, herein termed the filler, positioned between the bars, may be of the same material as the pavement material or it may be diferi ently constituted so asto form a more desirable tread surface than the concrete of which Va stairway is customarily formed. In the latter case it is preferred to form the filler between the bars of cement to which carbofiller between each successive pair of bars preventing the filler material from being injured or-displaced- It is obvious that if desired the filler 50 may be pre-formed as described below although it is preferred to form the same of plastic material uniting with the body of the pavement material forming the stairs.

In the first form of the invention the securing bolts for the clamps 32 (and lugs 34 it' the latter are used) pass directly into the body of the anchor` cross-pieces 3U. Under certain conditions it may be desirable to reinforce these'cross-pieces, as shown in Fig. 17, by providing a cross-head 52 for each cross-piece, in which case the securing bolts 53 may pass upwardly through the crosshead, into the clamps 32 or surf-.ice bars 28, or they may pass downwardly thrifuglrthc clamps 32, into, the cross-head '.lhe cross-head 52 serves to strengthen the anchor plate and attachment means between the anchor plate and bars.

In Figs. 5 to 8 there are 'disclosed modified i forms of the invention in which the units are adapted to be applied to fixed treadways such Referring to Fig. 5, the bars 28 are shown as rigidly secured to the cross-pieces 54 by means of Leanne bars will not be engaged bythe framework supporting the tread unit.l The filler members may be either Ypre-formed or compressed into the space between successive bars to harden in place therein, either type of filler bar being permissible with this form of the invention. An application of this unit is described below in connection with Fig 13.' The unit shown in Fig. 6 is similar tothat shown in Fig. 5, the main diierence being that the relatively short clamps 30, as in the rst form of the invention, are employed for' attachingthe surface bars to the cross-plates 54. This construction, forms a skeleton unit applicable for attachment either to a fixed lstairway such as a wooden or steel 7stairway,

or it may be embeddedin orrest upon a pave.- ment material as in the rstaform of the invention.

In Fig. 7 there is disclo. y. l slightly'moditied form of my invention her j the bals 28 are supported upon'bed vpi 58'and secured v.thereon by meansoffthejclamps30, as

shown, or by means of the clampplates 56,l

if desired, to make the bede-plate more rigid. WVith this form of the invention the upper. portion of the tread unit. is closed vfrom the supporting structure@ which may be V- either concrete ora wooden'or steel ram'e,the unit being adapted to be placed upon lthe surface of the step as shown for example inz-Fig. '14. The filler which fills-the spaces between the bars 28 may be preformed,1as yof tile or the like, or it' maybe composed of cement and l carborundum compressed intothe' spaces between the bars so as toltillthel concave'sides ofthe bars and be retained in position thereby.

In Fig. 8 the bars 28'are shownl as s'upported upon the bed-plate 5MB but being spaced from the" bed-plateiby:means ofl a series of risers formed 'of anypreferred metal,

the risers'serving tohgive greater thickness to the tread unit andi-.permitting lthe introduction of pavementmaterial intothe entire space between the b'edfplate 58 andthe upper surfaces of the bars 28. Thebars are secured to the risers 60 and bedlateq58 by means of the clamps 30, 'suitajb e screwsv orbolts A passing through the vclamps risers and leo into the b`edplate.- y Y Fig. 9 I have showl a section of va completed unit constructed as 'shown in Figs.

5, 6 or 7 with the bars 28 and 28ase'cured to the bed-plate 58 or cross-piece 54, the fillers i' modied form of clamp 30a having a straight,

lthe unit for clamps-andk lugs as described above.

forward edge corresponding with the face of the step. Since the unit is entirely prevformed the screws or bolts 33a may extend either upwardly ordownwardly through the Istruction as Fig. 9, the-fillers being omitted,

but with the addition of anchoring bolts 62 having the recessed portion's 63 and pointed enlarged heads 64, the bolts having a screwl threaded portion adapted to bescre\ved into the bed-plate or cross-piece 58 (534) The use of the anchor elements 62 on the. pavement unit shown in Fig. 1() permits the use of this unit with a plastic pavement material as in the rst form of the invention.

In Fig. 11 I have shown a transverse vertical section of a metallic unit constructed substantially7 as shown in Fig. 8, wherein the bars 28 and 28a are secured'to the risers' GOand bed-plate 58 by meansot' the bolts or screws 33h. The front of the unit is protected by means of the 'face-plate 46 which serve to hold the unit 28a inv4 position and to hold. the risers 60 to the bed-plate 58. In 12 I have shownl the method of se'- curingia unit constructed as shown in any ot' Figs. l5 to 7 to the supporting base or `frame 66 by means of vthe lugs 34 described above.

rvBolts 40 are sunk inwardly into the openings 11 of the'lugs34 and pass Ithrough the bedplate 58'and into base 66 so as to securely attach the unit to the framework 66. It is to 'be understood that the lugs 34 are positloned at various points about the surface of the frame. I Fig. 13 discloses a portion of a complete vunit of the form .shown generally in Figs. 5

to 12 wherein the bars 28 arespaed by the` fillers 50 and held 'to the bed-plate 58 by the The front edge of the unit is protected by means of the bar 28a having the rounded projection 29 beneath which there extends the face-plate 46" bolted to the bedplat e 58 and risers 60a,

the face-plate' serving to hold the bed-plate, rlsers and bars together and to protect the edge of the same from injury. Any desiry able number of lugs 34 and clamps 30 4may Dfi ysecurelyy attaching the unit to be used to securely hold the bars/to the bedl plate. The rearward edge of the unit shown ins-Fig. 13 may be provided with a terminal bar 28b having an enlargement 29" spaced from the bed-plate for permitting the introv duction of a clamp plate 461" or other clamping means for securing the terminal bar 28" to the bed-plate The unit as constructed in Fig. 13 isadapti ed to be secured over the whole or a portion of the .steps .of the frame, for example as -shown 1n Fig. 14,'wherein the usual frame- -workv 68 isprovided rwith thetread .unit of Fig. 13 extending over the entire step. Ob-

viously, if desired, this unit may be so pro-.` portioned as to extend over pnly a. portionof the step as shown for ,example in Fig. 2.

I have shown in Fig. a slightly modified form of anchor cross-pieceBOa the upper edge of which is formed with grooves or notches 70 having upwardly tapering sides for engagement with the lower projections of the bars 28. This form of the inventionl is'intended to be used in the same manner as shown in Figs. l to'3, the advantages 4 thereof being cheapness in construction and the use of fewer parts in its'manufacture.

In Fig. 16 a slightly modified form ofl bar 28d is disclosed having the concave sides with the upper and lower projections having the upper surface thereof solid thereby omitting the groove 35 shown in Fig. 4. This bar has the advantage of being more readily molded and is secured .in position and secures the filler blocks in position in the same manner as described above in connection with the bars 28.

In the above description I have shown various adaptations of my invention showing that the basic principle can be applied to a variety of uses. The metal forming the same may be of any desired kind such as iron, steel, brass, ete., or a Vcombination of unit inA either instance presenting both the metal and pavement materials so as to provide long wear and a substantial non-slipping tread surface.

W'hile I have shown and described certain specific embodiments of my invention it is to be understood that these are merely illustrative and that I am to be limited only as set forth in appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

Il. InV a tread surface for pavements, a series of spaced parallel bars exposedadjacent the surface of said pavement and formed with outwardly and upwardly inclined side surfaces terminating in bifurcated exposed edges, and spacing means between said bars comprising pavement material and securing clamps.

2. In combination with a body of pavement material, a metallized tread surface comprising a series of spaced parallel bars, a series of vertically arranged transverse f attachment plates engaged beneath said bars,

means for securing said bars to said plates,

' portion, a plurality 'said plates being apertured andJ said bars 4being laterally spaced to permit continuity of pavement material through said plates and between said bars. Y

3. A metallized tread surface for pavements comprising a series of spaced parallel bars, a transverse attachment plate engaged beneath said bars, means for securing s'aid 'bars to said plate, said means including afiller lug occupying substantially the entire space between said bars adjacent the ends of the latter and fillers formed of pavement material positioned between and spacing v said bars. l

4. A metallized tread surface for pavements comprising a series of spaced parallel bars, a transverse attachment plate engaged beneath said bars, means for securing said s'bars to said plate, pavementifillers spacing said bars and exposed adjacent the upper surface thereof, an ultimate bar of' said 4series having an enlarged side projection extending to the edgev of said tread surface.

5. A metallized tread surface for pavements :comprising i series of spaced parallel bars, a transverse attachment plate engaged beneath said bars, means for securing said bars to said plate, pavement fillers spacing said bars and exposed adjacent the upper surfacev thereof,` an ultimate bar of said series having an 4enlarged side projection extending to the edge of said tread surface and a face plate engaged with said ultimate bar and extended downwardly therefrom for protecting a side edge of said pavement.

6. A Y-shapedmetallic paving bar formed with outwardly diverging upper projections forming inclined outer surfaces and a securing portion beneath said projections.

7. A Y-shaped metallic paving bar formed with outwardly diverging upper projections forming inclined outer surfaces and a relatively narrow portion beneath s'aid projections, said bar having-an outwardly flared base. 8. A metallized pavement for a walkway surface consisting of the pavement material of which the walkway is composed, a metal walkway unit including barsl formed with concave surfaces embedded therein, the pavement material extending upwardly to and between said bars, land the space/between the upper projection of the concave sides of the bars and said pavement material being occu- I pied by a prepared filler which is inserted into this space and made to be monolithic with the pavement material below it.

, 9. In combination with a body of pave-y ment material, a vertically arranged skeleton frame member embedded therein and vspaced from the upper surface of said "pavement material, said frame member being formed with an apertured bod part and a bearing of metallic tread bars 10. In combination with a bodyl o laveyment material, a vertically arranged ske eton frame member embedded therein and spaced from the upper surface of said pavement material, said frame member being formed with an apertured body part and a bearing portion, a. pluralit7 of metallic tread barswlo and means for securing said bars to the bearing portion of said frame member in spa/ced relation to one another and a face plate secured to an end of said frame member.

Signed at New York in the county of New l5 

